培训的八种方法
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">培训的八种方法</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 42pt; mso-char-indent-count: 4.0"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">◆</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">讲授法:</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">属于传统的培训方式,优点是运用起来方便,便于培训者控制整个过程。缺点是单向信息传递,反馈效果差。常被用于一些理念性知识的培训。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">◆</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">视听技术法:</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通过现代视听技术(如投影仪、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> DVD </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、录像机等工具),对员工进行培训。优点是运用视觉与听觉的感知方式,直观鲜明。但学员的反馈与实践较差,且制作和购买的成本高,内容易过时。它多用于企业概况、传授技能等培训内容,也可用于概念性知识的培训。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">◆</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">讨论法:</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">按照费用与操作的复杂程序又可分成一般小组讨论与研讨会两种方式。研讨会多以专题演讲为主,中途或会后允许学员与演讲者进行交流沟通。优点是信息可以多向传递,与讲授法相比反馈效果较好,但费用较高。而小组讨论法的特点是信息交流时方式为多向传递,学员的参与性高,费用较低。多用于巩固知识,训练学员分析、解决问题的能力与人际交往的能力,但运用时对培训教师的要求较高。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">◆</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">案例研讨法:</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通过向培训对象提供相关的背景资料,让其寻找合适的解决方法。这一方式使用费用低,反馈效果好,可以有效训练学员分析解决问题的能力。另外,近年的培训研究表明,案例、讨论的方式也可用于知识类的培训,且效果更佳。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">◆</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">角色扮演法:</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">授训者在培训教师设计的工作情况中扮演其中角色,其他学员与培训教师在学员表演后作适当的点评。由于信息传递多向化,反馈效果好、实践性强、费用低,因而多用于人际关系能力的训练。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">◆</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">自学法:</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这一方式较适合于一般理念性知识的学习,由于成人学习具有偏重经验与理解的特性,让具有一定学习能力与自觉的学员自学是既经济又实用的方法,但此方法也存在监督性差的缺陷。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">◆</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">互动小组法:</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">也称敏感训练法。此法主要适用于管理人员的人际关系与沟通训练。让学员在培训活动中的亲身体验来提高他们处理人际关系的能力。其优点是可明显提高人际关系与沟通的能力,但其效果在很大程度上依赖于培训教师的水平。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">◆</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">企业内部电脑网络培训(或</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> INTER </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">-</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> NET </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)法:</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是一种新型的计算机网络信息培训方式,投入较大。但由于使用灵活,符合分散式学习的新趋势,节省学员集中培训的时间与费用。这种方式信息量大,新知识、新观念传递优势明显,更适合成人学习。因此,特别为实力雄厚的企业所青睐,也是培训发展的一个必然趋势。</SPAN></P>
回复:培训的八种方法
顶顶更健康回复:培训的八种方法
谢谢分享回复:培训的八种方法
灌水骗分同时也谢谢楼主顶顶更健康 非常感谢楼主分享这样的好资料!
页:
[1]