fay5764 发表于 2009-6-23 11:05:00

读书笔记:丰田如何设计薪酬福利制度?

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我为什么要上班?<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我为什么要那么准时的辛苦地工作?<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在别人没有发现问题之前,我为什么要主动让别人知道?<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我为什么要帮助别人?<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">所有这一切,如果公司能够对每个人所做的一切都能够准确的评价,而且每个人做了之后都能够得到额外的奖励,那么,没有问题,每个人都会努力。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">不幸的是,公司不可能做到这对每个员工都公平评价与激励。丰田当然知道员工到公司就是赚钱的,但丰田希望做到,丰田与员工的关系是一种长期的信任关系<SPAN lang=EN-US>---</SPAN>他们希望,在没有监督的情况下,员工也能够为公司尽心尽力,那么长期下来,公司能够获得更大的成功,员工也因此受益。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 26.25pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">但这一切可能吗?员工真的能够相信企业吗?企业能够相信员工吗?<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">一:<SPAN lang=EN-US>T</SPAN>型人才:纵向横向的人才培养方式</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 26.25pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">尽管在丰田<SPAN lang=EN-US>60</SPAN>年代的高速增长期间,但是大部分员工并没有因此获得提升,而是在自己的本职工作岗位上干到了退休,但丰田为了不让员工失望,选择了横向调动与跨岗位培训,通过横向与纵向的培训,丰田造就了一支高效的管理团队。现在这种方式在丰田体系中,大受欢迎。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 26.25pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">T</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">型管理人才<SPAN lang=EN-US>-----</SPAN>横向发展人才,先有某一专业的知识,然后再横向发展丰富的工作经验。倒<SPAN lang=EN-US>T</SPAN>型管理人才<SPAN lang=EN-US>------</SPAN>纵向发展人才,先有丰富的工作经验,然后再纵向发展。这样做的目的是,拓宽职业空间,让员工获得自我满足,尽量留住员工。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">二<SPAN lang=EN-US>:</SPAN>员工的薪酬</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 26.25pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">丰田美国工厂的员工工资包括三个部分:基本工资,绩效奖金与业绩红包三个部分。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 26.25pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">基本工资是丰田根据行业工资水平与当地条件,每半年调整一次基本工资,三年的“成长期”结束,所有成员与小组领导的基本工资都是一样的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 26.25pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">绩效奖金,又称为<SPAN lang=EN-US>TIE</SPAN>—<SPAN lang=EN-US>Targeted improvement extra earnings</SPAN>,表示完成预定改进所获得的额外收入。这是一种将绩效与酬劳联系在一起的额外收入。比如,如果整个工厂达到了安全,质量,生产率,成本以及出勤率等<SPAN lang=EN-US>KPI</SPAN>指标,员工就能够获得资金。绩效奖金是一种内部生产性指标,与销售不挂钩,完全在员工的掌控之中,所有员工获得的绩效奖金基本上是相同的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">业绩红包每半年发一次,主要是由销售业绩决定。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">管理人员红包:管理人员会根据其制定的个人发展计划(<SPAN lang=EN-US>Individual development plan</SPAN>),而享受业绩红包奖励。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">三:丰田的薪酬与福利目标:简单透明</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 26.25pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">丰田的目标是让员工懂得自己所处的位置,为此丰田提供了一个“薪酬文件团队信息库”给员工,这个信息库包括了薪酬系统相关问题的内部文件,丰田每两年回顾一次自己的薪酬在汽车行业的排名,并形象地体现在“薪酬文件库”中。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 26.25pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">丰田在美国建厂二十多年,目睹美国三大巨头在高工资上的痛苦,于是丰田选择了做员工喜欢的优秀雇主,而不是最高工资雇主。丰田相信,选择高工资长期来说,对员工与对公司都不是最好的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">丰田的的基本工资中,工龄工资是重要的一部分,这样可以鼓励员工长期留下,但这样缓慢的工资过程也会使一部分优秀员工跳到其它公司。在这样的情况下,丰田选择了通过福利来留住员工。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">丰田人力资源管理手册对福利的描述如下:福利是一种保障员工稳定性的方式,可以进一步丰富员工的生活,提高公司形象。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 3.75pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">以稳定性和相互信任为基础的福利包括以下几个方面:休假,带薪休假,短期与长期病假,退休计划,提供进修学费,提供灵活工作时间,为员工提供购车折扣,提供无息贷款等,丰田每两年调整一次福利计划。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #2a2a2a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">最后,丰田还有一次特殊的福利,比如完美出勤仪式,奖励那些出勤率百分百的员工,一站式儿童保育及健身中心。每年丰田都要邀请那些出勤率百分百的员工,邀请他们到当地体育馆或剧院,为他们举办大型晚会,公司往往会邀请一些名星,在晚会上,包括团队与宾客在内的全部人都会享受豪华的晚餐,并且有随时的抽奖,奖品是<SPAN lang=EN-US>12</SPAN>辆车。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
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雅芽220 发表于 2009-8-7 09:16:00

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