劳务关系、雇佣关系与劳动关系
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 118.4pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 11.23; mso-outline-level: 4" align=left><B><SPAN style="COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳务关系、雇佣关系与劳动关系</SPAN></B><B><SPAN style="COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 118.4pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 11.23; mso-outline-level: 4" align=left><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-outline-level: 4" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">在司法实务中,用人单位往往对</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳务关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">雇佣关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳动关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">三者之间的法律关系混淆不清,导致适用法律概念错误,造成企业劳动法律风险。</SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳动关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">指用人单位招用劳动者为其成员,劳动者在用人单位的管理下,提供由用人单位支付报酬的劳动而产生的权利义务关系。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">雇佣关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">指雇员向雇主提供劳务,而雇主向雇员支付报酬的民事法律关系。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳务关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">与</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">雇佣关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">系同一法律概念。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">本文拟就上述三者之间的法律关系予以剖析,以明确各自的适用范围。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">一、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳务关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">与</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">雇佣关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">系同一法律概念。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chsdate w:st="on" Year="2007" Month="10" Day="29" IsLunarDate="False" IsROCDate="False">2007<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN lang=EN-US>年</SPAN></SPAN>10<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN lang=EN-US>月</SPAN></SPAN>29<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN lang=EN-US>日</SPAN></SPAN></st1:chsdate><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">,最高人民法院通过的《民事案件案由规定》中</SPAN>“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">合同纠纷</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">规定:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳务(雇佣)合同纠纷</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">法院已经将劳务合同和雇佣合同视为同一民事法律关系,当作同一案由来受理。案由是指法院依据争议的民事法律关系所确定受理案件的类别,同一民事法律关系归入同一类别,属于同一案由。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">由此可见,在我国司法实践中,人民法院对于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳务合同</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">雇佣合同</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">是按照同一法律关系对待的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">二、从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">雇佣关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳动关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">的历史沿革</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">从法制史的角度来看,劳动合同关系作为雇佣关系的法律调整,经历了一个从民法到社会法的历史转变。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">在罗马法(罗马法大约起源于公元前</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">7</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">世纪前后的古代罗马王政时代)中雇佣关系的两方主体是被作为完全的平等主体对待的。当然,这种雇佣关系是不包括奴隶主与奴隶之间的雇佣关系,而仅限于平等市民间。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1804</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年的《法国民法典》从体例到内容都沿袭了罗马法,雇佣关系仍被当作民事契约的一种。雇佣关系被认为是两个独立人格之间就劳动和报酬之间的财产交换关系,这种交换关系受合同自由原则的规范,当事人具有充分的契约自由。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">但在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1900</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年实施的《德国民法典》中,突破了罗马法的模式,其</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">617</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">条至</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">619</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">条规定了雇主在安排组织劳动过程时,应保护劳工免于生命及健康的危险。劳动法对一方主体的强制性义务规定开始出现。而此后首先在德国发展起来的社会法,更是将劳动契约关系作为强调雇主义务保障雇员权力的特定的劳动法律关系。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">民法局限于平等主体的调整模式,显然不能够适应现代雇佣关系。从雇主与雇员之间的这种强弱失衡的社会现实出发,劳动合同从民法中的合同法体系中独立出来而隶属于劳动法,便成为一个普遍的法律现象。(援引《论劳动合同法的立法依据和法律定位》常凯著)</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">雇佣关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">逐渐演变成为了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳动关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,但</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">雇佣关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">却没有因此而消亡。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">三、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">雇佣关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">与</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳动关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">的区别</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>1</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、所属法律领域不同</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">雇佣关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">属于私法领域中民法(狭义)的调整,包括《民法通则》及《最高人民法院关于人身损害赔偿的司法解释》。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 5.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: .5" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> “</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳动关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">属于社会法领域中劳动法的调整,包括</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1995</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年颁布的《中华人民共和国劳动法》及</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">2008</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年颁布的《中华人民共和国劳动合同法》及其实施条例。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>2</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、法律关系主体不同</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">)</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳动关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">中的主体是用人单位和劳动者。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">用人单位</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">” </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">特指机关、企事业单位、社会团体、民办非企业单位或个体经济组织。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳动者</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">特指符合劳动年龄</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">16</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">(周岁)具备民事行为能力,没有享受养老保险待遇或者未达到法定退休年龄的自然人。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">2</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">)</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">雇佣关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">中的主体是雇主和雇员。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">雇主的范围比较广泛,包括自然人和用人单位。雇员则不限于劳动者的范畴,达到法定退休年龄的自然人不能作为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳动者</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,但能够作为雇员。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>3</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、是否具有隶属性不同</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳动关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">中的劳动者与用人单位之间具有隶属性,劳动者要加入用人单位成为其一份子。劳动者要接受用人单位的管理与指挥。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">而</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">雇佣关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">中的雇员与雇主之间就不存在隶属关系。最为典型的案例就是保姆与雇主之间(非家政公司委派)就没有隶属关系,保姆不可能成为雇主的家庭成员。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>4</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、纠纷处理方式不同</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">用人单位雨劳动者之间的纠纷属于劳动纠纷,应当首先劳动仲裁。而雇主与雇员之间的纠纷应当直接向人民法院提起民事诉讼。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 5</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、支付报酬的方式不同</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳动关系以工资的方式定期支付报酬;雇佣关系多为一次性地即时清结或按阶段、按批次支付报酬。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">四、用人单位作为雇主的法律风险</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">在法理上,用人单位与自然人之间可以成立雇佣(劳务)关系,但存在范围极其狭窄。例如:用人单位与超过法定退休年龄的自然人之间就是典型的劳务(雇佣)关系。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">如果用人单位与自然人(符合劳动者特征)之间长时间存在管理、指挥关系,而且劳动者要遵守其规章制度,按时领取报酬的情况之下,只能是劳动关系,而非劳务关系。即使双方之间签订所谓的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳务合同</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,也无法改变不</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">劳动关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">的事实。上述行为可能导致法院认定用人单位雨劳动者之间没有劳动合同,而要求双倍赔偿。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.5pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">本文首发于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><A href="http://www.laodong51.blog.sohu.com/"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #96b0af; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">www.laodong51.blog.sohu.com</SPAN></A> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">中小企业专项法律服务</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">齐精智律师</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 160%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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