金蠡 发表于 2009-4-25 14:03:00

该怎么确定这个绩效指标

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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">人工成本在生产成本中是比较主要的部分,所以领导要求人力资源部在降低生产人工成本上想些办法,出点成绩。问题是,该定个什么指标?降低人工成本?人工成本降低率?</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><BR>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">然而,公司去年下半年刚加过工资,就算今年金融危机影响,效益可能不太好,总不能马上减薪吧。这样一来,总的人工成本一定会增加。退一步说,如果销售不好,产量降低,奖金减少,人工成本是低了,但这能算成绩吗?</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><BR>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">请问,应该从哪里着手降低人工成本,可能会涉及那些部门?选择什么绩效指标可与之匹配?</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><BR>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(这没有标准答案,每个企业情况不同,选择也会不同。只是希望通过讨论,梳理绩效指标选择的思路和方法。或者说,怎样把一个财务性的指标,根据需要转化成过程性的指标,这在平衡计分卡中是经常要碰到的。同样因此,我们也可以根据自己企业的情况质疑别人的指标,不为别的,只为给大家一个思考方向。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><BR>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我在博客上给出了一个案例,为了不至于限制大家的思维,先不再此发表,有兴趣的,可以到我的博客去看看——</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><A href="http://bbs.chinahrd.net/space/index.aspx?tab=1&amp;uid=146754"><FONT color=#800080><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>实践中的</SPAN></SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">HR</FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>视点</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,欢迎光临。)</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

金蠡 发表于 2009-5-3 14:22:00

回复: 该怎么确定这个绩效指标

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我在博客里举了一个例子,提高定额产量,在此就不重复了。下面再举一个机会成本的例子,如何通过合理安排人员,生产更有效益的产品。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">某公司生产</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">A</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">B</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">C</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">三种产品,单班生产。其中</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">A</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品销售量低于生产能力;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">B</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品市场面比较好,生产饱满,还允许再多生产一些;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">C</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品没有固定的生产人员,当</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">A</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品生产不饱满时,可以生产</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">C</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可以看出,从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">A</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">生产线人员的剩余时间上来说,安排生产</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">B</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">C</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品都是可以的。问题是用什么标准来衡量效益。一般劳动生产率往往看产值,从降本增效来说,应该看成本或者利润,由于两个产品的成本不可比,每班的产量也不相同,所以比较单位成本、毛利率都不行。假定,生产</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">B</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品,每班可以生产</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">吨,单位毛利</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">吨;生产</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">C</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品,每班可以生产</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">吨,单位毛利</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">800</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">吨。那么生产</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">B</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品的总毛利是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">班,生产</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">C</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品的总毛利</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">16000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">班。这样,在人工投入相同的情况下,生产</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">B</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品的机会成本</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">16000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元小于收益</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">元,应该优先考虑生产</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">B</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">要生产</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">B</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品,人员应经过适当的岗位培训,掌握操作规程等必要的技能和知识;生产计划应根据销售需求首先安排</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">B</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品生产,要考虑采取双班生产方式。涉及部门包括技术、计划、车间、人力资源等部门。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">衡量指标可以是“车间总毛利”,但这个指标会受到各产品生产率的影响。选择“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">B</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品订单满足率”比较直接,总毛利作为配套指标。该指标应考核计划部门和车间。技术和人力资源部门的职责是培训,对于某<SPAN style="COLOR: red">一项</SPAN>培训,考核培训计划完成率没有意义;由于不经过培训,生产无法进行,员工无法操作,故培训是必然要进行的,考核培训率和培训工作是否执行也就失去了大的意义。应该考核培训效果,可以从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">B</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产品生产达标时间考核,比如三个月,评估指标包括班产和产品合格率,还可以评估职工操作规范执行状况。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 26.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">也许,有人会想到“单位人工成本(工资)毛利”的指标,这个指标对于公司来说是可以的,但已经用“总毛利”指标了,在人工没有什么变化的前提下,用“单位人工成本毛利”指标就显得重复。该指标考核人力资源部门也没有意义,因为毛利不是人力资源部门可控的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

ryy-0912 发表于 2009-5-3 21:09:00

回复:该怎么确定这个绩效指标

看看哪块人工成本高的不太合理就动动哪块:D
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