研究方法线上

Kenneth

今天在网上找文章时，恰巧看见一所台湾大学的网站。它们把不同的管理学问卷研究方法的领域的重要的文章都写出来了（其实是他们两个教研究方法的课程的大纲）。我稍为看了一下，很多经典的文章都在里面了。当然我没有详细的看，不保证所有的文章都是好的。不过作为一个阅读的清单，不失为一个好的开始。网站是：
3 y* n$ b- ]' C" `# qhttp://spaces.isu.edu.tw/~RMonline/website/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=52&Itemid=66

因为是公开网站，资料应该是公开的。同时我怕国内的同学不容易上到台湾的网站，所以剪贴了出来给大家参考。不过，不仅这不是我的东西，所以请大家作为“参考”好了。
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Kenny
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. C: s+ L6 W6 a) l/ \  F3 L3 z% l1 `研究方法线上

ResearchMethodology I
OverviewTextbooks
Issue1: Introduction: Science, Knowledge, and Theory
Issue2: Theory and Hypothesis Development
+ n) F6 I7 z! i, _, f8 tIssue3: Construct and Dimensionality: Multidimensional construct
Issue4: Measurement: Reliability and Validity
Issue5: Measurement: Scale Development
) r) C6 j0 Q9 i( \9 {Issue6: Scale Development for Chinese Management Research
Issue7: Constructs and Hypothesis Testing
Issue8: Sampling, Field studies and Surveys
Issue9: Experiments and Quasi-Experiments
Issue10: Case Studies and Qualitative Research
" @" N; ]$ ?' I" s7 V+ B) _Issue11: Statistical Analysis and Inference
3 @; q6 }* ?0 M1 @: L# Q: DIssue12: Basic concept of mediation and moderation
5 b; L4 w9 {2 tIssue13: Testing mediating effects
Issue14: Testing moderating effects
2 f8 N5 @- H! M: d# B# M4 i% vIssue15: Testing mediated moderation and moderated mediation
Issue16: Reliability and Construct Validation
% p7 G- X0 k6 |# v; c2 EIssue17: Common Method Variance
Issue18: Data Non-independence
, O2 @! I8 ?. ^. p3 ZIssue19: The Culture Factor (Cross-cultural and Indigenous Research)
Issue20: Structural Equation Modeling
7 g3 n4 F" k, U/ W

ResearchMethodology II

OverviewTextbooks

Issue21: Level as Knowing: Holism

Issue22: Level Fallacies

Issue23: Multilevel Nature of Organizational Phenomena

Issue24: Levels in Theory Building

Issue25: Meso Paradigm: An Integral Perspective

Issue26: Extending Multilevel Organizational Theory

Issue27: Research Design in Multilevel Research

Issue28: Phenomena from Micro to Macro: An Emerging Process

Issue29: Measurement and Aggregation

Issue30: Approaches to Multilevel Data Analysis

Issue31: Introduction to HLM

Issue32: Empirical Examples of HLM

Issue33: Extended Issues in Multilevel Research

Issue34: Report Writing and Paper Review

Issue35: Wrap-up: Alternatives to Positivism

Major Textbooks:
Kerlinger, F.N. & Lee, H.B. (2000). Foundations of BehavioralResearch. Orlando, FL: Harcourt.
& y: B! {4 ?$ x' l- C* i7 _Schwab, D.P. (2005). Research Methods for Organizational Studies. (2ndEd.) Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum. [Amazon] [Google Book]
Klein, K.J.& Kozlowski, S.W. (eds.). (2000). Multilevel Theory,Research, and Methods in Organizations: Foundations, Extensions, and NewDirections. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. [Amazon]
. y4 g# n7 B7 J  ?. g! XSupplementary Books:
Cohen, J. & Cohen, P. (1998). Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Science. Mahwah, NJ: LawrenceEarlbaum.[Amazon]
Cook, T. D. & Campbell, D. T. 1979. Quasi-Experimentation: Design andAnalysis Issues for Field Settings. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. [Amazon]
Hair, J. F. Jr., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. 1998. MultivariateData Analysis. 5th edition. Upper Saddle River, NJrentice-Hall. [Amazon]
Pedhazur, E. J., & Schmelkin, L. P. 1991. Measurement, Design, andAnalysis: An Integrated Approach. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum.
3 _1 Z/ e* A, K; cRogelberg, S.G. (ed.) 2002. Handbook of Research Methodsin Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
Journal of Management. 1997. Special Issue on Hierarchical LinearModels. 23(6).
/ q+ M1 f, g0 @8 |; A; x# tAcademy of Management Review. 1999. Special topic forum on multileveltheory building. 24(2).
Multivariate Behavioral Research. 2001. Special issue on multilevelmodels. 36(2).
$ G; k9 ^) N/ vLeadership Quarterly. 2002. Special issue: Bench marking multilevelmethods in leadership. 13(1).
' E7 y$ h5 s+ I. e- p8 w& \' ^) `Academy of Management Journal. 2007. Special forum on multilevelresearch. 50,6.
" J( r1 E3 N, |  OKreft, I. & de Leeuw, J. 1998. Introducing Multilevel Modeling.Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
" d" n; g  M+ @* a6 `; }2 I+ M/ jRaudenbush, S.W. & Bryk, A. S. 2002. Hierarchical LinearModels in Social and Behavioral Research: Application and Data AnalysisMethods. 2nd edition. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
8 _. K4 o# b8 _9 KRoberts, K. H., Hulin, C. L., & Rousseau, D. M. 1978.Developing an interdisciplinary science of organizations. SanFrancisco: Jossey-Bass.
Roberts, K. H., & Burstein, K. (eds.) 1980. Issuesin aggregation: New directions for methodology of social and behavior science (vol.6). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
陳曉萍、徐淑英、樊景立、鄭伯壎（2008），組織與管理研究的實證方法，台北：華泰文化。
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: ]) r* y- [1 @% PIssue 1: Introduction: Science, Knowledge, and Theory
( O8 b: o8 A8 EK & L: Chapter 1
: }# f, l" _- c01-01.  Burrell, G.& Morgan, G. 1979. Assumptions about the nature of Science. SociologicalParadigms and Organizational Analysis. 1-9. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann EducationalBooks.
( g# ]% i. r. O01-02.  Ghoshal, S. 2005. Bad management theories are destroyinggood management practices. Academy of Management Learning and Education,4(1): 75-91.
' U% X3 Q  a6 v: Q01-03.  Gioia, D.A. & Pitre, E. 1990. Multiparadigm perspectives on theorybuilding. Academy of Management Review, 15(4): 584-602.
+ K# h' d; j% V* k01-04.  Orlitzky, M. 2002. Book review: Research Methods forOrganizational Studies by D. P. Schwab. Organizational Research Methods,5(1): 126-128.
01-05.  Wright, T. A., & Wright, V. P. 1999. Ethicalresponsibility and the organizational researcher: A committed-to-participantresearch perspective. Journal of Organizational Behavior,20(7): 1107-1112.
, X2 q# L1 u" ~2 o- h" G01-06.  Porter, L. 1996. Forty years of organization studies:Reflections from a micro perspective. Administrative Science Quarterly,41: 262-269.
01-07.  陳曉萍等（2008）：Ch1: 科學過程與研究設計。
) l# m/ a$ J) D0 Y( j* d; _" ^- f01-08.  陳曉萍等（2008）：Ch2: 研究的起點：提問。
5 J; s% [9 a) n3 O% _9 x
  p/ e1 W  k6 h, G2 W( LIssue 2: Theory and Hypothesis Development
) K3 t0 \6 z8 {4 H7 e, h8 h/ `5 h' Q6 H02-01.  Schwab: Chapters 1 and 2
02-02.  Bacharach, S. B. (1989). Organizational theories: Somecriteria for evaluation. Academy of Management Review,14: 496-515.
; R: N& z/ [5 C- u  |" I, j02-03.  Bartunek, J. M., Rynes, S. L., & Ireland, R. D. 2006. What makes a management researchinteresting and why does it matter? Academy of Management Journal,49(1): 9-15.
02-04.  Bergeron D. M. 2007. The potential paradox of organizationcitizenship behavior: good citizens at what cost? Academy of ManagementReview, 32 (4):1078–1095.
% q- t  W+ u# [02-05.  Davis, M. S. 1971. That’s interesting! Towards a phenomenologyof sociology and a sociology of phenomenology. Philosophy of Social Science,1(2): 309-344.
& u# q- b& y! A' n/ `, M7 U- H+ c02-06.  Lewicki, R. J., McAllister, D. J., & Bies, R. J. 1998. Trust and distrust: new relationships andrealities. Academy of Management Review, 23: 438-458.
, `, q9 l( y1 \( u" J02-07.  Morris, J. A. & Feldman, D. C. 1996. The dimensions, antecedents, andconsequences of emotional labor. Academy of Management Review, 21(4):986-1010.
02-08.  Podsakoff, P. M., & Dalton, D. R. (1987). Research methodology inorganizational studies. Journal of Management, 13, 419-441.
8 R/ ]" r$ [. U! V1 z# P02-09.  Shamir, B., House, R. J., & Arthur, M. A. (1993). The motivational effects ofcharismatic leadership: A self-concept based theory. Organization Science, 4,577–594.
2 f3 n4 h8 w& `$ V* l02-10.  Sutton, R. I., & Staw, B. M. 1995. What theory is not. AdministrativeScience Quarterly, 40: 371-384.
02-11.  Weick, K.E. 1995. What theory is not, theorizing is. AdministrativeScience Quarterly, 40: 385-390.
4 T( M7 V7 X, ~: q( b7 N; f( d02-12.  Whetten, D. A. 1989. What constitutes a theoreticalcontribution. Academy of Management Review, 14: 490-495.
* E; ~$ ~2 I: S. t" ~1 r! z/ v02-13.  陳曉萍等（2008）：Ch3: 管理研究中的理論建構。
9 O% x! X6 p2 k9 H5 f3 c02-14.  Whetten, D. A., Felin, T., & King, B. G. (2009). The practice of theory borrowing inorganizational studies: Current issues and future directs. Journal ofManagement, 35(3), 537-563.
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  z# A  D" Z  G. rIssue 3: Construct and Dimensionality: Multidimensional construct [Discussion]
03-01.  Edwards, J. R. (2001). Multidimensional constructs inorganizational behavior research: An integrative analytical framework.Organizational Research Methods, 4(2): 144-192.
03-02.  Law, K. S., & Wong, C. S. (1999). Multidimensional constructs instructural equation analysis: An illustration using the job perception and jobsatisfaction constructs. Journal of Management, 25(2): 143-160.
) m0 c; p3 _7 t# u6 n) m( Z2 y03-03.  Law, K. S., Wong, C. S., & Mobley, W. H. (1998). Toward a taxonomy of multidimensionalconstructs. Academy of Management Review, 23(4): 741-755.
- u- W  v  I# V$ N& I9 b0 \6 f9 @03-04.  LePine, J. A., Erez, A., & Johnson, D. E. (2002). The nature and dimensionality oforganizational citizenship behavior: A critical review and meta-analysis.Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(1): 52-65.
1 c$ Y* u  k6 |8 U& R03-05.  Pulakos, E. D., Arad, S., Donovan, M. A., & Plamondon, K.E. (2000). Adaptability in the workplace: Development of a taxonomy of adaptiveperformance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(4): 612-624.
03-06.  Wong, C. S., Law, K. S., & Huang, G. H. (2008). On the importance of conductingconstruct-level analysis for multidimensional constructs in theory developmentand testing. Journal of Management, 34 (5): 744-764.
03-07.  陳曉萍等（2008）：ch12

! H, h# m1 M& G4 T, KIssue 4: Measurement: Reliability and Validity [Discussion]
**Schwab: Chapters 3, 4, 8
: S7 O) l. {$ E/ a! FK & L: Chapters 26, 27, 28.
, f# ]# a7 }; R; A1 i) Q! a& M04-01.  Negy, S. M. 2002. Using a single-item approach to measure facetjob satisfaction. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 75:77-86.
04-02.  **Schmitt, N. W., & Klimoski, R. J. 1991. Determining the quality of ourmeasures. In Research Methods in Human Resources Management, (pp.88-114). Cincinnati: South-Western Publishing Co.
04-03.  Austin, J. T., Boyle, K. A., & Lualhati, J. C. 1998.Statistical conclusion validity for organizational science researchers: Areview. Organizational Research Methods, 1: 164-208.
04-04.  Schriesheim, C. A., Cogliser, C. C., Scandura, T. A., Lankau,M. J., & Powers, K. J. 1999. An empirical comparison of approaches forquantitatively assessing the content adequacy of paper-and-pencil instruments. OrganizationalResearch Methods, 2: 140-156.
04-05.  Wanous, J. P., & Huddy M. J. 2001. Single-item reliability:A replication and extension. Organizational Research Methods, 4(4):361-375.
3 X4 ]* p8 y, \2 w3 g0 [: j04-06.  Lim, B. C., & Ployhart, R. E. 2006. Assessing theconvergent and discriminant validity of Goldberg's international personalityitem pool: A multitrait-multimethod examination. Organizational ResearchMethods, 9(1): 29-54.
, s" A, u; r5 K3 c: O  F04-07.  Cole, M. S., Bedeian, A. G., & Feild, H. S. 2006. The measurementequivalence of web-based and paper-and-pencil measures of transformationalleadership: A multinational test. Organizational Research Methods, 9(3):339-368.
04-08.  Meade, A.W., & Eby, L. T. 2007. Using indices of groupagreement in multilevel construct validation. Organizational ResearchMethods, 10: 75-96.

8 R/ |) h4 {" C) t/ DIssue 5: Measurement: Scale Development
3 T, W; L, x7 X  Z2 l" t1 H**Schwab: Chapter 4
7 m; o" f1 f8 y6 Q05-01.  **Hinkin, T. R. 1998. A brief tutorial on the development ofmeasures for use in survey questionnaires. Organizational Research Methods,1: 104-121.
/ Q: ~( G+ _$ l9 b; k4 i05-02.  DeVellis, R. F. 1991. Scale Development: Theory andApplication. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
* l0 k; X. Y5 D8 M" y05-03.  Vandenberg, R. J. & Lance, C. E. 2000. A Review andSynthesis of the Measurement Invariance Literature: Suggestions, Practices, andRecommendations for Organizational Research. Organizational Research Methods,3: 4-70.
% X: t$ L! \; S1 s' [- Q9 H05-04.  **Farh, J. L., Zhong, C. B. & Organ, D. W. 2004. Organizational citizenship behavior inthe People’s Republic of China, Organization Science, 15: 241-253.
, _$ _, Q8 h) g; p9 D- F* u05-05.  Bolino, M. C., & Turnley, W. H. 1999. Measuring impression management inorganizations: A scale development based on the Jones and Pittman taxnonomy, OrganizationalResearch Methods, 2: 141-160.
+ g& e! ]+ I  ~  ~% X: Y05-06.  **陳曉萍等（2008）：ch11

  x9 U) d5 ^3 zIssue 6: Scale Development for Chinese Management Research
MOR, special issue: 2006, 2(3).

2 E8 J- f1 v: |/ m+ _& kIssue 7: Constructs and Hypothesis Testing
K & L: Chapters 2, 3, and 5
' E# u6 Y1 m$ v. k7 N7 M**Schwab: Chapter 13
07-01.  **Higgins, M. C. & Kram, K. E. 2001. Reconceptualizing mentoring at work: Adevelopmental network perspective. Academy of Management Review, 6(2):264-288.
. |3 j5 N( A0 }8 B07-02.  Law, K. S. & Wong, C. 1999. Multidimensional constructs in structuralequation analysis: An illustration using the job perception and jobsatisfaction constructs. Journal of Management. 25(2):143-160.
. ~% _9 G' M3 ]: O: F9 s4 l07-03.  **Cortina, J. M., & Folger, R. G. 1998. When is it acceptable to accept a nullhypothesis: No way, Jose? Organizational Research Methods, 1: 334-350.
07-04.  **陳曉萍等（2008）：ch5
* p9 F: y& l+ u, ]- D07-05.  Williams, L. J., Edwards, J. R., & Vandenberg, R. J. 2001. Recent advances in causal modelingmethods for organizational and management research. Journal of Management,29(6): 903-936.

# \. h! ]; H& i# `$ K/ n3 p& AIssue 8: Sampling, Field studies and Surveys
**Schwab: Chapters 5 and 7
5 ?1 W& e6 ~8 uK & L: Chapters 8, 18, 19, 20, 25 and 29
" Q/ E6 d$ U( d08-01.  Gordon, M. E., Slade, L. A., & Schmitt, N. 1986. The “science of the sophomore” revisited:From conjecture to empiricism. Academy of Management Review, 11(1):191-207.
08-02.  Gordon, M. E., Slade, L. A., & Schmitt, N. 1987. Student guinea pigs: Porcine predictorsand particularistic phenomena. Academy of Management Review, 12(1):160-163.
08-03.  Greenberg, J. 1987. The college sophomore as guinea pig:Setting the record straight. Academy of Management Review, 12(1):157-159.
2 @% }0 x0 [# n2 d1 w08-04.  Mollica, K. A. & Dewitt, R. L. 2000. When others retireearly: What about me? Academy of Management Journal, 43(6): 1068-1075.
08-05.  **Tsai, W. C. & Huang, I. M. 2002. Mechanisms linkingemployee affective delivery and customer behavioral intentions, Journal ofApplied Psychology, 87: 1001-1008.
5 z% g' b9 @" z4 B, I% |5 z08-06.  Saks, A. M. 1995. Longitudinal field investigation of themoderating and mediating effects of self-efficacy on the relationship betweentraining and new comer adjustment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80:211-225.
" }% l7 \( j1 H8 t08-07.  Werner, S., Praxedes, M., & Kim, H.G. 2007. The reportingof nonresponse analysis in survey research. Organizational Research Methods,10: 287-295.
08-08.  **陳曉萍等（2008）：ch8
. w" x2 R( O+ p0 B08-09.  Austin, J. T., Scherbaum, C. A., & Mahlman, R. A.(2002). History of research methods in industrial and organizationalpsychology: Measurement, design, analysis. In S. G. Rogelberg(Ed.), Handbook of research methods inindustrial and organizational psychology (pp. 1-33). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
08-10.  Edmondson, A. C., & McManus, S. E. (2007). Methodologicalfit in management field research. Academy of Management Review, 32, 1155-1179.
08-11.  Stone-Romero, E. F., Weaver, A. E., & Glenar, J. L. (1995).Trends in research design and data analytic strategies in organizationalresearch. Journal of Management, 21, 141-157.
08-12.  Werner, S., Praxedes, M., & Kim, H. (2007). The reportingof nonresponse analyses in survey research. Organizational Research Methods,10: 287-295.

7 E* Q# @6 M2 VIssue 9: Experiments and Quasi-Experiments
**Schwab: Chapter 6
6 l, i2 m7 T% }! X/ X* oK & L: Chapters 24 and 22
09-01.  Cook, T. D. & Shadish, W. R. 1994. Social experiments:Some developments over the past fifteen years. Annual Review of Psychology,45: 545-580.
3 a  c' e1 {, y1 N09-02.  **Dvir, T., Eden, D., & Banjo, M.L. 1995. Self-fulfillingprophecy and gender: Can women be Pygmalion and Galatea? Journal of AppliedPsychology, 80(2): 153-170.
& v7 [1 j5 Y0 F5 S09-03.  Audia, P. G., Locke, E. A., & Smith, K. G. 2000. Theparadox of success: An archival and a laboratory study of strategic persistencefollowing radical environment change. Academy of Management Journal,43(5): 837-853.
' G% ^: a. M1 c2 B. A# g' ^09-04.  Dvir, T., Eden, D., Avolio, B. J., & Shamir, B. 2002. Impact of transformational leadership onfollower development and performance: A field experiment. Academy ofManagement Journal, 45(4): 735-744.
09-05.  Greenberg, J. & Tomlinson, E. C. 2004. Situated experimentsin organizations: Transplanting the lab to the field. Journal of Management,30(5): 703-724.
09-06.  **陳曉萍等（2008）：ch6, ch7.
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Issue 10: Case Studies and Qualitative Research
( {) w& `+ ?" j' s10-01.  Eisenhardt, K. M. 1989. Building theories from case studyresearch. Academy of Management Review, 14(4): 532-550.
$ {9 t' N/ J  z+ V6 w0 Y10-02.  Eisenhardt, K. M. 1989. Making fast strategic decisions inhigh-velocity environment. Academy of Management Journal, 32(3):543-576.
( s% ^; f+ Q- I7 f10-03.  Morgan, G. & Smircich, L. 1980. The case forQualitative research. Academy of Management Review, 5(4): 491-500.
0 W  c" d" d5 t1 {10-04.  Barley, S. R. 1996. Technicians in the workplace: Ethnographicevidence for bringing work into organization studies. Administrative ScienceQuarterley, 41(3): 404-441.
! |" ]; Q' n: e" Y, O10-05.  Elsbach, K. D. & Kramer, R.M. 2003. Assessing creativity inHollywood pitch meetings: Evidence for a dual-process model of creativityjudgments. Academy of Management Journal, 46(3): 283-301.
$ Q: E' M+ `, x( t10-06.  King, N. 2004. Using interviews in organizational research. InC. Cassell and G. Symon (eds.) Essential Guide to Qualitative Methods inOrganizational Research. 11-22. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
0 ?: l* ?: C# ~10-07.  Murnighan, J. K., & Conlon, D. E. 1991. The dynamics ofintense work groups: A study of British String Quartets, AdministrativeScience Quarterly, 36: 165-186.
+ t4 x: e0 \4 p. H2 X" l, N10-08.  Silvester, J. 2004. Attributional coding. In C. Cassell and G.Symon (eds.) Essential Guide to Qualitative Methods in OrganizationalResearch. 228-241. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
6 g# N7 n+ {  o8 a10-09.  陳曉萍等（2008）：ch10
10-10.  Fendt, J., & Sachs, W. (2008). Grounded theory method inmanagement research: Users' perspectives. Organizational Research Methods, 11,430-455.
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Issue 11: Statistical Analysis and Inference [Discussion]
) s$ S4 X3 F$ k. G! R7 W6 R**Schwab: Chapters 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13
K & L: Chapters 9
11-01.  Kirk, R. E. (1996). Practical significance: A concept whosetime has come. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 56(5),746-759.
. {8 |! i! [0 ?  [11-02.  Kirk, R. E. (2001). Promoting good statistical practices: Somesuggestions. Educational and Psychological measurement, 61(2),213-218.
( @; |/ U+ C/ M" W6 H" A11-03.  McFarland, L.A., Ryan, A. M., & Kriska, S. D. (2003).Impression management use and effectiveness across assessment methods. Journalof Management, 29(5), 641-661.
4 ^* x# y) ?1 S9 t! [7 W11-04.  Rauniar, R. & Shah, S. (2002). Statistical significance vs.practical (meaningful or clinical or biological) significance for academic andnon-academic research. Decision Sciences Institute 2002 Annual MeetingProceedings, 2469-2472.
11-05.  LaHuis, D.M., & Avis, J. M. (2007). Using multilevel randomcoefficient modeling to investigate rater effects in performance ratings. OrganizationalResearch Methods, 10, 97-107.
9 M8 G; k9 {0 e. w2 y( C11-06.  Cashen, L., & Geiger, S. W. (2004). Statistical power andthe testing of null hypotheses: A review of contemporary management researchand recommendations for future studies. Organizational Research Methods, 7,151-167.
2 [/ b, o" i; Q/ Q1 e% L3 e8 r' B
Issue 12: Basic concept of mediation and moderation
7 h+ e4 u# M( o**Schwab: Chapters 11 and 19
K & L: Chapters 33 and 34
! w7 t! O; O# p/ R' u1 A! d12-01.  **Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. 1986. The moderator-mediator variabledistinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, andstatistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,51(6): 1173-1182.
12-02.  James, L. R. & Brett, J. M. 1984. Meidators,moderators, and test for mediation. Journal of Applied Psychology,69(2): 307-321.
  F) z4 G7 I$ l" i4 `+ `& ^! f12-03.  Mathieu, J. E., & Taylor, S. R. 2006. Clarifying conditionsand decision points for mediational type inferences in Organizational Behavior.Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27: 1031-1056.
6 H6 W9 W3 m& A1 z# r) Q: [12-04.  MacKinnon, D. P., Fairchild, A. J., & Fritz, M. S. 2007.Mediation analysis. Annual Review of Psychology, 58: 593-614.
$ O* a9 e+ Z2 c0 x- V12-05.  **陳曉萍等（2008）：ch14

5 T6 v# F5 ^3 U0 fIssue 13: Testing mediating effects
13-01.  Mathieu, J. E., DeShon, R. P., & Bergh, D. D. 2008.Mediational inferences in organizational research: Then, now, and beyond. OrganizationalResearch Methods, 11(2): 203-223.
0 [+ h/ j  a5 S: a/ Z# O13-02.  Kenny, D. A. 2008. Reflections on mediation. OrganizationalResearch Methods, 11(2): 353-358.
7 ]# ^% S, N% C# ^: I13-03.  James, L. 2008. On the path to mediation. OrganizationalResearch Methods, 11(2): 359-363.
$ d# @2 P3 Q8 Y% `13-04.  MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., Hoffman, J. M., West, S. G.,& Sheets, V. 2002. A comparison of methods to test mediation and otherintervening variable effects. Psychological Methods, 7(1): 83-104.
13-05.  Pituch, K. A., Whittaker, T. A., & Stapleton, L. M. 2005. Acomparison of methods to test for mediation in multisite experiments. MultivariateBehavioral Research, 40: 1-24.
13-06.  Alwin, D. F., & Hauser, R. M. 1975. The decomposition ofeffects in path analysis. American Sociological Review, 40(1): 37-47.
13-07.  Bobko, P., & Rieck, A. 1980. Large sample estimators forstandard errors of functions of correlation coefficients. AppliedPsychological Measurement, 4: 385-398.
13-08.  Bollen, K. A. 1987. Total direct and indirect effects instructural equation models. In C. C. Clogg (Ed.), Sociological methodology(pp. 37-69). Washington DC: American Sociological Association.
6 d3 X; B$ o5 H( s8 z" o6 q13-09.  Freedman, L. S., & Schatzkin, A. 1992. Sample size forstudying intermediate endpoints within intervention trials of observationalstudies. American Journal of Epidemiology, 136: 1148-1159.
13-10.  Judd, C. M., & Kenny, D. A. 1981. Process Analysis: Estimating mediationin treatment evaluations. Evaluation Review, 5: 602-619.
13-11.  MacKinnon, D. P., & Dwyer, J. H. 1993. Estimating mediatedeffects in prevention studies. Evaluation Review, 17: 144-158.
4 V( T6 ~1 I1 d! H, r( Y13-12.  MacKinnon, D. P., Krull, J. L., & Lockwood, C. M. 2000.Equivalence of the mediation, confounding, and suppression effect. PreventionScience, 1: 173-181.
/ S1 n+ T' }$ C& l/ j4 P13-13.  MacKinnon, D. P., Warsi, G., & Dwyer, J. H. 1995. Asimulation study of mediated effect measures. Multivariate BehavioralResearch, 30: 41-62.
# X: x, W' @( I# i( Y13-14.  Sobel, M. E. 1982. Asymptotic confidence intervals forindirect effects in structural equation models. In S. Leinhardt (Ed.) SociologicalMethodology 1982, (pp. 290-312). Washington, DC: American SociologicalAssociation.
( p3 H. }7 q& S! _13-15.  Sobel, M. E. 1990. Effect analysis and causation in linearstructural equation models. Psychometrika, 55: 495-515.
- a! `7 C+ \! u; B13-16.  Hoyle, R. H., & Kenny, D. A. 1999.  Statistical power andtests of mediation.  In R. H. Hoyle (Ed.), Statistical strategies forsmall sample research. Newbury Park: Sage.
2 ~$ N; W* i% [9 s; a: o13-17.  MacCorquodale, K., & Meehl, P. E. 1948. On a distinctionbetween hypothetical constructs and intervening variables. PsychologicalReview, 55: 95-107.
13-18.  MacKinnon, D. P., Fairchild, A. J., & Fritz, M. S. 2007.Mediation analysis. Annual Review of Psychology, 58: 593-614.
13-19.  MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., Hoffman, J. M., West, S. G.,& Sheets, V. 2002. A comparison of methods to test the significance ofthe mediated effect. Psychological Methods, 7: 83-104.
13-20.  MacKinnon, D. P., Warsi, G., & Dwyer, J.H. 1995. A simulation study of mediated effect measures. MultivariateBehavioral Research, 30: 41-62.
13-21.  Shrout, P. E., & Bolger, N. 2002. Mediation inexperimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. PsychologicalMethods, 7: 422-445.
" B. T/ @/ c/ d7 f" h" n( r13-22.  Smith, E. 1982.  Beliefs, attributions, and evaluations:Nonhierarchical models of mediation in social cognition. Journal ofPersonality and Social Psychology, 43: 248-259.
13-23.  Sobel, M. E. 1982.  Asymptotic confidence intervalsfor indirect effects in structural equation models. In S. Leinhardt (Ed.),Sociological Methodology 1982 (pp. 290-312). Washington DC: AmericanSociological Association.
3 q$ o  P! \. }0 k1 x
Issue 14: Testing moderating effects
14-01.  Harrison, D. A., Price, K. H., Gavin, J. H., & Florey, A.T. 2002. Time, teams, task performance: Changing effects of surface-anddeep-level diversity on group functioning. Academy of management Journal,45(2): 1029-1045.
14-02.  Cronbach, L. J. 1987. Statistical tests for moderatorvariables: Flaws in analyses recently proposed. Psychological Bulletin,102(3): 414-417.
0 }1 M$ g' ^) a0 x14-03.  Dionne, S. D., Yammarino, F. J., Atwater, L. E., & James, L. R. 2002. Neutralizing substitutes for leadershiptheory: Leadership effects and common methods bias. Journal of AppliedPsychology, 87(3): 454-464.
& F+ O! O8 O/ E- h14-04.  Mathieu, J. E., & Taylor, S. R. 2006. Clarifying conditionsand decision points for mediational type inferences in Organizational Behavior.Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27: 1031-1056.
14-05.  Stone E. F. & Hollenbeck, J. R. 1989. Clarifyingcontroversial issues surrounding statistical procedures for detecting moderatorvariables: Empirical evidence and related matters. Journal of AppliedPsychology, 74(1): 3-10.
14-06.  Villa, J. R., Howell, J. P., Dorfman, P. W., Daniel, D. L.2003. Problems with detecting moderators in leadership research using moderatedmultiple regression. Leadership Quarterly, 14(1): 3-23.

5 N( I/ v9 E4 L" |' y6 FIssue 15: Testing mediated moderation and moderated mediation
6 R7 M* N4 `1 l& s2 iSchwab: Chapters 11 and 19
K & L: Chapters 33 and 34
15-01.  Edwards, J. R. & Lambert, L. S. 2007. Methods forintegrating moderation and mediation: A general analytical framework usingmoderated path analysis. Psychological Methods, 12(1): 1-22.
15-02.  Bauer, D. J., Preacher, K. J., & Gil, K. M. 2006.Conceptualizing and testing random indirect effects and moderated mediation inmultilevel models: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods,11: 142-163.
15-03.  Edwards, J. R., & Lambert L. S. 2007. Methods forintegrating moderation and mediation: A general analytical framework usingmoderated path analysis. Psychological Methods, 12: 1-22.
$ f1 C. C. h  v7 I( d- b$ P3 L/ k15-04.  Kenny, D. A., Korchmaros, J. D., & Bolger,N. 2003. Lower level mediation in multilevel models. PsychologicalMethods, 8: 115-128.
15-05.  Kraemer H. C., Wilson G. T., Fairburn C. G., & Agras W.S. 2002.  Mediators and moderators of treatment effects in randomizedclinical trials. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59: 877-883.
& o. M5 ?* J. y7 J, Y7 r& I15-06.  Muller, D., Judd, C. M., & Yzerbyt, V. Y. (2005). Whenmoderation is mediated and mediation is moderated. Journal of Personalityand Social Psychology, 89: 852-863.
15-07.  Krull, J. L. & MacKinnon, D. P. 1999. Multilevelmediation modeling in group-based intervention studies. EvaluationReview, 23: 418-444.

Issue 16: Reliability and Construct Validation
; O+ O6 o# ]' nSchwab: Chapters 14 and 17
, U8 m3 K1 w' l' l0 I2 LK & L: Chapter 28
16-01.  Bagozzi, R. P., Edwards, J. R. 1998. A General Approach for RepresentingConstructs in Organizational Research. Organizational Research Methods,1: 45-87.
& a% a! x& r0 f  a$ ?& M" H/ |16-02.  Austin, J. T., Boyle, K. A., & Lualhati, J. C. 1998.Statistical Conclusion Validity for Organizational Science Research: A Review. OrganizationalResearch Methods, 1: 164-208.
16-03.  Campbell, D. T. & Fiske, D. W. 1959. Convergent anddivergent validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix. PsychologicalBulletin, 56:81-105.
! v5 Y# _1 A) C9 k16-04.  Colquitt, J. A. 2001. On the dimensionality oforganizational justice: a construct validation of a measure, Journal ofApplied Psychology, 86:386-400.
* L' |, g. ^: ]( L8 g8 F16-05.  Cronbach, L.J. & Meehl, P. E. 1955. Construct validityin psychological tests. Psychological Bulletin, 32(4): 281-302.
: n4 l8 u" A' x0 A+ G$ Z" U16-06.  Schriesheim, C. A., & Powers, K. J. 1993. Improvingconstruct measurement in management research: Comments and a quantitativeapproach for assessing the theoretical content adequacy of paper-and-pencilsurvey-type instruments. Journal of Management, 19(2): 385-417.
7 f+ Z6 j9 w8 s- L16-07.  Schwab, D. P. 1980. Construct validity in organizationalbehavior. In Staw B. M. & Cummings L. L. (Eds.) Research inOrganizational Behavior, 2, Greenwich, Con: JAI Press Inc. 3-43.
9 j  ?/ G9 ^) [. a- _2 `
: W* u+ N9 m' ~) |Issue 17: Common Method Variance
**Schwab: Chapters 16, 17, 18 and 20
; N, N, X" N2 g0 |; U3 N4 Q17-01.  **彭台光, 高月慈, 林鉦棽 2006. 管理研究中的共同方法變異：問題本質、影響、測試和補救。管理學報，23(1): 77-98.
9 T) ?$ b# J1 a+ x17-02.  Doty, D. H. &Glick, W. H. 1998. Common methods bias: Does common methods variance reallybias results? Organizational Research Methods, 1(4): 374-406.
17-03.  Goffin, R. D. & Gellatly, I. R. 2001. A multi-raterassessment of organizational commitment: Are self-report measures biased? Journalof Organizational Behavior, 22: 437-451.
17-04.  Kemery, E. R. & Dunlap, W. P. 1986. Partialling factorscores does not control method variance: A reply to Podsakoff and Todor.Journal of Management, 12(4): 525-530.
17-05.  Podsakoff, P. M. & MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff,N. P. 2003. Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review ofthe literature and recommended remedies, Journal of Applied Psychology,88: 879-903.
17-06.  Podsakoff, P. M. & Organ, D. W. 1986. Self-reports in organizational researchroblems and prospects. Journal of Management, 12(4): 531-544.
: K$ b7 c/ |: j  z. }4 y17-07.  Schmidt, F. L. & Hunter, J. E. 1996. Measurement error in psychologicalresearch: Lessons from 26 research scenarios. Psychological Methods, 1:199-223.
0 D% ~0 N7 P4 Y17-08.  Spector, P. E. & Brannick, M. T. 1995). The nature andeffects of method variance in organizational research. International Reviewof international and organizational Psychology, 10: 249-274.
4 R( g7 w. I( W17-09.  Spector, P. E. 2006. Method variance in organizationalresearch: Truth or urban legend. Organizational Research Methods, 9(2):221-232.

1 V+ b2 X# [% `% L" ?7 S) Y' U) ^Issue 18: Data Non-independence
18-01.  Glick, W. H., & Roberts, K. H. 1984. Hypothesized interdependence, assumedindependence. Academy of Management Review, 9: 722–735.
4 K, `; a  q3 S# F3 R7 ^18-02.  Kenny, D. A. 1995. The effect of nonindependence onsignificance testing in dyadic research. Personal Relationships, 2:67-75.
18-03.  Kenny, D.A. & Judd, C. M. 1986. Consequences ofviolating the interdependence assumption in analysis of variance. PsychologicalBulletin, 99: 422-431.
18-04.  Bliese, P. & Hanges, P. J. 2004. Being too liberal and tooconservative: The perils of treating grouped data as though they wereindependent. Organizational Research Methods, 7: 400-417.
, G% i* r, p9 z& K8 {1 `: z18-05.  彭台光 & 林鉦棽 2008. 組織現象和層次議題: 非獨立性資料的概念和實徵. 組織與管理, 1(1): 95-121.
8 @5 ?6 o* `- ^' e) M: q% Z3 X% e+ V! A18-06.  Klein, K. J., Dansereau, F., & Hall, R. J. 1995. On thelevel: Homogeneity, independence, heterogeneity, and interactions inorganizational theory. Academy of Management Review, 20: 7-9.
& S8 L+ [  M* s/ U! d5 {18-07.  Kenny, D. A., Mannetti, L., Pierro, A., Livi, S., &Kashy, D. A. 2002. The statistical analysis of data from small groups.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83: 126-137.

2 ]; \( K3 A" r8 a3 D7 lIssue 19: The Culture Factor (Cross-cultural and IndigenousResearch)
19-01.  Adler, N. A., Campbell, N. & Laurent, A. 1989. In search ofappropriate methodology: From outside the People’s Republic of China lookingin. Journal of International Business Studies, 19(1): 61-74.
4 K0 S) ]1 K3 a+ \19-02.  Boisot, M. & Child. J. 1996. From fiefs to clans andnetwork capitalism: Explaining China’s emerging economic order. AdministrativeScience Quarterly, 41(4): 600-628.
19-03.  Chen, C. C., Chen, Y. R., & Xin, K. 2004. Guanxi practicesand trust in management: A procedural justice perspective. OrganizationScience, 15: 200-209.
19-04.  Farh, J. L., Tsui, A. S., Xin, K., & Cheng, B. S. 1998. Theinfluence of relational demography and guanxi: The Chinese case. OrganizationScience, 9: 471-488.
# d" R4 D3 t% @& `19-05.  Farh, J. L. & Cheng, B. S. 2000. A cultural analysis ofpaternalistic leadership in Chinese organizations. In J. T. Li, A. S. Tsui,& E. Weldon (Eds.), Management and Organizations in the Chinese Context.London: MacMillan, 2000: 84-127.
8 u4 Y: O1 i# B# W% q8 E19-06.  Hwang, K. K. 1987. Face and favor: The Chinese power game. AmericanJournal of Sociology, 92(4): 944-974.
  G- p: V3 k" T3 M9 p7 F; u19-07.  Leung, K. & Bond, M. 1989. On the empirical identificationof dimensions for cross-cultural comparisons. Journal of Cross-CulturalPsychology, 20, 2, 133-151.
19-08.  Schaffer, B.S. 2003. A review of cross-cultural methodologiesfor organizational research: A best-practices approach. OrganizationalResearch Methods, 6(2): 169-215.
, J$ }8 w! V: B19-09.  楊國樞(主編) 1993。「本土心理學的開展」 (本土心理學研究第一期)，台北：台灣大學心理系本土心理學研究室。
5 s) S$ q- b3 B* b2 |
) C  u1 D- o6 M, Q. p- g19-10.  楊國樞(主編) 1996。「本土心理學方法論」(本土心理學研究第八期)，台北：台灣大學心理系本土心理學研究室。
; y. n# l2 b, v9 O% Z; ^" {: ?
19-11.  陳曉萍等（2008）：Ch4: 建構華人管理學理論的機會與挑戰
9 c/ `7 N- I! Y! l* W
19-12.  陳曉萍等（2008）：ch17
19-13.  Brislin, R. W. (1980). Translation and content analysis of oraland written materials. In H. C. Triandis, & J. W. Berry (Eds.), Handbookof cross-cultural psychology. Vol. 2: Methodology (pp. 389^I44).Boston, MA: Allyn Bacon.
19-14.  Tsui, A. (2004). Contributing to global managementknowledge: A case for high quality indigenous research. Asia PacificJournal of Management, 21, 491-513.

8 h$ A7 X/ L. s- X* o* @7 ^Issue 20: Structural Equation Modeling
K & L: Chapter 35.
20-01.  林清山 1984。「線性結構關係」(LISREL)電腦程式。中國測驗年會測驗學刊，31:149-164。
5 t! z3 C, p+ S8 `, S20-02.  Feldt, T., Kivimaki, M., Rantala, A., & Tolvanen, A. 2004.Sense of coherence and work characteristics: A cross-lagged structural equationmodeling with managers. Journal of Occupational and OrganizationalPsychology, 77: 323-342.
. X8 @7 c* _9 v( _. `20-03.  Jonge, J. de, Dormann, C., Janssen, P. P. M., Dollard, M. F.,Landeweerd, J. A., & Nijhuis, F. J. N. 2001. Testing reciprocalrelationships between job characteristics and psychological well-being: Across-lagged structural equation model. Journal of Occupational and OrganizationalPsychology, 74: 29-46.
+ z' W7 k) o( R* s$ D8 M20-04.  Kenny, D. A., & Kashy, D. A. 1992. Analysis ofmultitrait-multimethod matrix by confirmatory factor analysis. PsychologicalBulletin, 112: 165-172.
0 F- |% |: U' F$ q, O20-05.  Lytle, A. L., Brett, J. M., Barsness, Z. I., Tinsley, C.H.,& Janssens, M. 1995. A paradigm for confirmatory cross-cultural research inorganizational behavior. Research in Organization Behavior, 17: 167-214.
) [& v: p) N4 G" p' c20-06.  Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. 1994. An alternativeapproach to method effects using latent-variable models: Applications inorganizational behavior research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(3):323-331.
20-07.  Williams, L. J. & Brown, B. K. 1994. Method Variance inorganizational behavior and human resources research: Effects on correlations,path coefficients, and hypothesis testing. Organizational Behavior and HumanDecision Process. 57: 185-209.
- [" x$ q: [* }$ T* s! x% v20-08.  Meade, A. W., & Kroustalis, C. M. 2006. Problems with itemparceling for comfirmatory factor analytic tests of measurement invariance. OrganizationalResearch Methods, 9: 369-403.
9 m. t. c# [* N4 F( {  J3 J+ W20-09.  陳曉萍等（2008）：ch13

6 x% F: w" a0 HIssue 21: Level as Knowing: Holism
+ e7 d# I7 f, D6 Q3 J$ h8 B' y21-01.  Courgeau, D. 2003. General introduction. In D. Courgeau (Ed.), Methodologyand Epistemology of multilevel analysis: Approaches from different socialsciences (pp.1-23). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Press.
21-02.  Butz, M. R. 1997. Chaos and complexity: Implications forpsychological theory and practice (Chapter 1, pp. 3-24). London: Taylor& Francis.
7 [# O  R0 O* o7 O% L1 C21-03.  Barton, S. 1994. Chaos, self-organization, and psychology. AmericanPsychologist, 49: 5-14.
6 Z3 N9 F9 A2 Z1 k4 L21-04.  Pinder, C.C., & Bourgeois, V.W. 1982. Controlling tropes inadministrative science. Administrative Science Quarterly, 27: 641-652.
8 y, R- W6 a. q3 G2 p9 y5 w( Z) w21-05.  Morgan, G. (1983). More on metaphor: Why we cannot controltropes in administrative science. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28:601-607.
21-06.  Bourgeois, V.W., & Pinder, C.C. 1983. Contrastingphilosophical perspectives in administrative science: A reply to Morgan. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28:608-613.
/ @. ]& M- y- Z9 p7 I4 O21-07.  Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. 1978. The social psychology oforganizations. NY: Wiley (Chapters 1-3, pp. 1-68).
" X3 u& Q. n* j4 }7 n* m21-08.  von Bertalanffy, L. 1972. The history and status of generalsystems theory. In G.J. Klir (Ed.), Trends in general systems theory(pp. 21-41). NY: Wiley.
21-09.  von Bertalanffy, L. 1968. General system theory. NY:Braziller (Chapters 1 & 2, pp. 3-53).
' R2 X% e, q! _% P* i+ ~21-10.  Miller, J. G. 1978. Living systems. NY: McGraw-Hill(Preface, Chapter 2, pp. 9-50).

Issue 22: Level Fallacies
4 W! Z+ x# q7 h7 D2 r7 V22-01.  Allport, F. H. (1924). The group fallacy in relation tosocial science. JournalofAbnormal and SocialPsychology, 19(1), 60-73.
22-02.  Allport, F. H. (1924). Dicsussion: The group fallacy inrelation to social science. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 19(2),185-191.
4 b' C. t" r% l% Y+ [22-03.  **Thorndike, E. L. (1939). On the fallacy of imputing thecorrelations found for groups to the individuals or smaller groups composingthem. American Journal of Psychology, 52, 122-124.
+ L6 x% _  \# A  J9 F22-04.  Robinson, W. S. (1950). Ecological correlations and thebehavior of individuals. American Sociological Review, 15,351-357.
+ }) @3 j6 O% V22-05.  **Schwartz, S. (1994). The fallacy of the ecological fallacy:The potential misuse of a concept and the consequences. American Journal ofPublic Health, 84, 819-824.
22-06.  Hammond, J. L. (1973). Two sources of error in ecologicalcorrelations. American Sociological Review, 38(6), 764-777.
  P& O7 S  c! j3 I$ e9 U
Issue 23: Multilevel Nature of Organizational Phenomena
23-01.  James, L. R., & Jones, A. P. 1974. Organizationalclimate: A review of theory and research. Psychological Bulletin, 81:1096-1112.
8 U. Z; M/ d! P7 L: s7 v9 k23-02.  Simon, H.A. 1973. The organization of complex systems. In H.H.Pattee (Ed.), Hierarchy theory (pp. 1-27). NY: Braziller.
23-03.  Kozlowski, S. W. J., & Doherty, M. L. 1989. Integrationof leadership and climate: Examination of a neglected issue. Journal ofApplied Psychology, 74(4): 546-553.
23-04.  Rousseau, D. M. l978. Characteristics of departmentspositions, and individuals: Contexts for attitudes and behavior. AdministrativeScience Quarterly, 23: 52l-540.
; S6 c2 P9 V/ o7 A6 t  T- F23-05.  **Feldman, D. C. 1984. The development and enforcement ofgroup norms. Academy of Management Review, 9: 47-53.
( z* {+ @& {0 K8 j- l( U23-06.  Johns, G. 1999. A multi-level theory of self-serving behaviorin and by organizations. In Sutton, R. I., & Staw, B. M. (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior,21: 1-38.
; _. l0 J# ?: ~' U6 o23-07.  Weingart, L. 1997. How did they do that? The ways and means ofstudying group process. In Staw B. M., & Cummings L. L. (Eds.), Research inOrganizational Behavior, 19: 189-239.
5 M4 @" O# E, m8 |23-08.  Horwitz, S. K., & Horwitz, I. B. (2007). The effects ofteam diversity on team outcomes: A meta-analytic analysis of team demography.Journal of Management, 33, 6, 987-1005.
  k2 c1 ?) }: z23-09.  Johns, G. 2001. In praise of context. Journal ofOrganizational Behavior, 22: 31-42.
23-10.  Brass, D. J. l98l. Structural relationships, jobcharacteristics, and worker satisfaction and performance. AdministrativeScience Quarterly, 26, 33l-348.
23-11.  Rousseau, D. M. 1978. Measures of technology as predictorsof employee attitude. Journal of Applied Psychology, 63: 213-218.
23-12.  Kozlowski, S. W. J., & Farr, J. L. 1988. An integrativemodel of updating and performance. Human Performance, 1: 5-29.
23-13.  Staw, B. M., Sandelands, L. E., & Dutton, J. E. 1981.Threat-rigidity effects in organizational behavior: A multilevel analysis. AdministrativeScience Quarterly, 26, 501-524.
23-14.  **Ostroff, C. 1992. The relationship between satisfaction,attitudes, and performance: An organizational level analysis. Journal ofApplied Psychology, 77(6): 963-974.

Issue 24: Levels in Theory Building
24-01.  Hitt, M. A., Beamish, P. W., Jackson, S. E., & Mathieu, J.E. 2007. Building theoretical and empirical bridges across levels: Multilevelresearch in management. Academy of Management Journal, 50(6): 1385-1399.
24-02.  Klein, K. J., Cannella, A., & Tosi, H. 1999. Multileveltheory: Challenges and contributions. Academy of Management Review, 24,243-248.
24-03.  Dansereau, F., Yammarino, F. J., & Kohles, J. C. 1999. Multiple levelsof analysis from a longitudinal perspective: Some implications for theorybuilding. Academy of Management Journal, 24: 346-357.
( U7 X, s$ T& d. f9 S; R8 H- C24-04.  Klein, K., Dansereau, F. & Hall, R. 1994. Level issuesin theory development, data collection, and analysis. Academy of ManagementReview, 19, 195-229.
, x- j( m4 @) M0 @! P+ x24-05.  George, J. M., & James, L. R. 1994. Levels issues in theory development. Academyof Management Review, 19: 639-640. (Critique of Klein et al., 1994)
24-06.  Klein, K., Dansereau, F. & Hall, R. 1994. On the level:Homogeneity, independence, heterogeneity, and interactions in organizationtheory. Academy of Management Review, 20: 7-17. (Response to George & James, 1994)
, |: x) l" p3 _24-07.  Rousseau, D. M. (1985). Issues of level in organizationalresearch: Multi-level and cross-level perspectives. Research inOrganizational Behavior, 7: 1-37.
24-08.  Mossholder, K. W. & Bedeian, A. G.. 1983. Cross-level inference andorganizational research: Perspectives on interpretation and application.Academy of Management Review, 8(4): 547-558.
' ]# w6 Y8 V& J  |. E24-09.  Glick, W. H. (1980). Problems in cross-level inference. In K.H.Roberts & L. Burstein (eds.) Issues in Aggregation. SanFrancisco: Jossey-Bass. 17-30.
24-10.  Roberts, K. H., Hulin, C. L., & Rousseau, D. M. 1978. Developing an interdisciplinaryscience of organizations. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass (Chapters 1-3, pp.1-80).
1 _% T* _0 I: A2 ~8 D7 Q" E4 U24-11.  Behling, O. 1978. Some problems in the philosophy of science oforganizations. Academy of Management Review, 3: 193-201.

1 S0 c* a2 L7 kIssue 25: Meso Paradigm: An Integral Perspective
% C+ Y9 f5 ]* J8 Y: ^: I3 A25-01.  **Hackman, J. R. 2003. Learning more by cross level: Evidencefrom airplanes, hospitals, and orchestras. Journal of OrganizationalBehavior, 24: 905-922.
25-02.  **House, R. J., Rousseau, D.M., & Thomas-Hunt, M. 1995. The mesoparadigm: A framework for the integration of micro and macro organizationalbehavior. In Staw, B. M., & Cummings, L. L. (Eds.), Research inOrganizational Behavior, 17: 71-114.
$ p6 E9 G" a) f* G! x6 F25-03.  Hunt, J. G., & Osborn, R. N. 1982. Toward a macro-orientedmodel of leadership: An odyssey, In J.G. Hunt, U. Sekaran, & C. Schrieshiem(Eds.), Leadership: Beyond Establishment Views, Carbondale, IL: SouthernIllinois University Press.
25-04.  Hofmann, D. A., & Stetzer, A. 1996. A cross-levelinvestigation of factors influencing unsafe behaviors and accidents. PersonnelPsychology, 49: 307-338.
; n  l# r  x8 ]/ X2 E4 f" ?5 H; R25-05.  Glick, W.H. 1985. Conceptualizing and measuring organizationaland psychological climate: Pitfalls of multilevel research. Academy ofManagement Review, 10: 601-610.
25-06.  Tosi, H. 1992. The organization and the environment: The E/Olink in the model. The Environment/Organization/Person Contingency Model: AMeso Approach to the Study of Organizations. 29-66. Greenwich, Conn: JAI.
: k2 Q* D! k7 _3 A: p7 ]: w/ W25-07.  Cappelli, P., & Sherer, P. 1991. The missing role ofcontext in OB: The need for a meso-level approach. In Staw, B. M., & Cummings, L. L. (Eds.), Research inOrganizational Behavior, 13: 55-110.
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* B) p1 R3 ~0 _- y- {+ {7 S$ c$ k( mIssue 26: Extending Multilevel Organizational Theory
: ]/ y) M1 P! _26-01.  **Kozlowski, S.W.J. & Kline, K. 2000. A multilevel approach to theory andresearch in organizations: Contextual, temporal, and emergent processes. In K.and K, 3-90.
26-02.  Klein, K., Palmer, S. L., Conn, A. B. 2000. InterorganizationalRelationships: A multilevel perspective. In K. and K. 267-307.
+ B* w% l5 }0 ~9 `$ ~6 z26-03.  Chao, G. T. 2000. Multilevel issues and culture: An integrativeview. In K. & K. 308-346.

Issue 27: Research Design in Multilevel Research
/ Q& W1 x. _% j3 [" G. ]27-01.  **林鉦棽 & 彭台光 2006。多層次管理研究：分析層次的概念、理論和方法。管理學報，23(6): 649-675.
) }; m# c( t! A% R5 m27-02.  **Hofmann, D.A. 2002. Issues in multilevel research: Theorydevelopment, measurement, and analysis. In S.G. Rogelberg’s(ed.) Handbook of Research Methods inIndustrial and Organizational Psychology. 247-274. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
27-03.  Kline, K. J. &Kozlowski, S. J. 2000. From micro to meso: Critical stepsin conceptualizing and conducting multilevel research. OrganizationalResearch methods, 3(3): 211-236.

# N$ [( h# f8 v# W6 Z- z0 J" zIssue 28: Phenomena from Micro to Macro: An Emerging Process
28-01.  Morgeson, F. P., & Hofmann, D. A. 1999. The structure and function ofcollective constructs: Implications for multilevel research and theorydevelopment. Academy of Management Review, 24: 249-265.
28-02.  Salancik, G. R., & Pfeffer, J. 1978. A social information processing approachto job attitudes. Administrative Science Quarterly, 23: 224-253.
7 ^) x5 v* R8 \5 N0 d) I28-03.  Schneider, B. 1987. The people make the place. PersonnelPsychology, 40, 437-453.
5 @9 ]3 _) y8 j  L28-04.  Schneider, B. 1995. The ASA framework: An update. PersonnelPsychology, 48, 747-773.
" q3 `: Q- q+ e- b' p' [5 c' }7 e" j28-05.  Walter, F., & Bruch, H. 2008. The positive group affectspiral: A dynamic model of the emergence of positive affective similarity inwork groups. Journal of Organizational Psychology, 29, 239-261.

Issue 29: Measurement and Aggregation
29-01.  Bartko, J. J. 1976. On various intraclass correlationreliability coefficients. Psychological Bulletin, 83(5): 762-765.
2 w1 i( F4 z  |2 i29-02.  Burke, M. J. & Dunlap, W. P. 2002. Estimating interrateragreement with the average deviation index: A user’s guide. OrganizationalResearch Methods, 5(2): 159-172.
29-03.  James, L. R. l982. Aggregation bias in estimates ofperceptual agreement. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67: 2l9-229.
29-04.  **James, L.R., Demaree, R.G., & Wolf, G. 1984. Estimatingwith-group reliability with and without response bias. Journal of AppliedPsychology, 69(1): 85-98.
# n8 F6 r5 e8 |29-05.  James, L.R., Demaree, R.G., & Wolf, G. 1993. Rwg: Anassessment of within-group interrater agreement. Journal of AppliedPsychology, 78(2): 306-309.
1 j0 \8 G. N4 Q, s; _4 n4 w3 c29-06.  Kozlowski, S. W. J., & Hattrup, K. 1992. A disagreementabout within-group agreement: Disentangling issues of consistency versusconsensus. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77(2): 161-167.
29-07.  Ostroff, C, 1993. Comparing correlations based onindividual-level and aggregated data. Journal of Applied Psychology,78(2): 569-582.
( S! }/ q/ Y& l  M& K' L& _29-08.  Freeman, J. 1980. The unit problem in organizational research.In W.M. Evan (Ed.), Frontiers in organization and management (pp.59-68). NY: Praeger.
29-09.  Campbell, D. T. 1958. Common fate, similarity, and otherindices of the status of aggregates of persons as social entities.Behavioral Science, 3: 14-25.
/ L0 D6 x2 l& I8 e4 H$ D! R+ `29-10.  Kozlowski, S. W. J., & Hults, B. M. l987. Anexploration of climates for technical updating and performance. PersonnelPsychology, 40: 539-563.
0 b; [/ R# B! A% W4 o8 M, A$ N29-11. Schmidt, F. L., & Hunter, J. E. 1989. Interrater reliability coefficientscannot be computed when only one stimulus is rated. Journal of AppliedPsychology, 74: 368-370.
( m5 n, G3 l5 Q! ]; V* n: G! J3 T29-12.  Bliese, P. 2000. Within-group agreement, non-independence, andreliability: Implications for data aggregation and analysis. In K. J. Klein& S. W. J. Kozlowski (Eds.), Multilevel theory, research and methods inorganizations (349-381). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
29-13.  Bliese, P. D. 1998. Group size, ICC values, and group-levelcorrelations: A simulation. Organizational Research Methods, 1: 355-373.
" ]* R& {/ |1 C9 G$ q% U29-14.  Bliese, P. D., & Halverson, R. R. 1998. Group size andmeasures of group-level properties: An examination of eta-squared and ICCvalues. Journal of Management, 24: 157-172.
29-15.  Bliese, P. D. & Hanges, P. J. 2004. Being too liberal andtoo conservative: The perils of treating grouped data as though they wereindependent. Organizational Research Methods, 7: 400-417.
. Y7 Y) d) W$ o9 z8 |% E( J29-16.  **Castro, S. L. 2002. Data analytic methods for the analysis ofmultilevel questions: A comparison of intraclass correlation coefficients,rwg(j), hierarchical linear modeling, within- and between-analysis, and randomgroup resampling.Leadership Quarterly, 13: 69-93.
29-17.  Lindell, M. K., & Brandt, C. J. 2000. Climate quality andclimate consensus as mediators of the relationship between organizationalantecedents and outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85: 331–348.
29-18.  Lindell, M. K., Brand, C. J., & Whitney, D. J. 1999. Arevised index of interrater agreement for multitem rating of a single target.Applied Psychological Measurement, 23: 127-135.
29-19.  McGraw, K. O. & Wong, S. P. 1996. Forming inferences aboutsome intraclass correlation coefficients. Psychological Methods, 1:30–46.
/ j! ?  U7 l4 B# w' K6 h29-20.  Bliese P. D., Halverson, R. R., & Rothberg, J. M. 1994.Within-group agreement scores: Using resampling procedures to estimate expectedvariance. Academy Management Best Paper Proceeding, 306-307.
: ^! F4 j' V8 K4 E+ a/ h29-21.  Burke, M. J., Finkelstein, L. M., & Dusig, M. S. 1999. Onaverage deviation indices for estimating interrater agreement.Organizational Research Methods, 2(1): 49-68.
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Issue 30: Approaches to Multilevel Data Analysis
30-01.  Firebaugh, G. 1979. Assessing group effects: A comparison oftwo methods. Sociological Methods and Research, 7: 384-395.
, U, ^; E8 u6 g4 y4 }6 ]# M+ Y5 ?  V2 a% R30-02.  James, L. R., & Williams, L. 2000. The cross-level operator in regression,ANCOVA, and contextual analysis. In K. & K. 382-424.
30-03.  George, J. M. 1990. Personality, affect, and behavior ingroups. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75: 107-116.
30-04.  Yammarino, F. J., & Markham, S. E. 1992. On theapplication of within and between analysis: Are absence and affect reallygroup-based phenomenon? Journal of Applied Psychology, 77: 168-176.
( A5 S: r! A% v% t30-05.  George, J. M., & James, L. R. 1993. Personality, affect, and behavior ingroups revisited: Comment on aggregation, level of analysis, and recentapplication of within and between analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78:798-804.
) t/ C1 `+ k0 R1 P# c30-06.  **Chan, D. 1998. Functional relations among constructs in thesame content domain at different levels of analysis: A typology of compositionmodels. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83: 234-246.
: r: D/ @7 e  N0 m# F+ B30-07.  Leung, K. & Bond, M. H. 1989. On the empiricalidentifications of dimensions of cross-cultural comparisons. Journal of Cross-CulturalPsychology, 20(2): 133-151.
30-08.  Peterson, M. F. & Castro, S. 2006. Measurement metrics ataggregate levels of analysis: Implications for organization culture researchand the GLOBE project. Leadership Quarterly, 17: 506-521.
- }# h: S  O6 c) y, k2 M: Q30-09.  Dansereau, F., Yammarino, F. J., & Kohles, J. 1999. Multiple levels ofanalysis from a longitudinal perspective: Some implications for theorybuilding. Academy of Management Review, 24: 346-357.
7 N6 e9 c; h- O30-10.  **Klein, K. J., Bliese, P. D., Kozlowski, S. W. J., Dansereau, F., Gavin, M. B., Griffin,M. A., Hofmann, D. A., James, L. R., Yammarino, F. J., & Bligh, M. C. 2000 Multilevelanalytical techniques: Commonalities, differences, and continuing questions.In K. & K. 512-553.
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Issue 31: Introduction to HLM
31-01.  **Hofmann, D. A. 1997. An overview of the logic and rationaleof HLM. Journal of Management. 23(6): 723-744.
+ N8 ^, w; p  V* Y3 K: L31-02.  Hofmann, D. A. & Griffin, M. A., Gavin, M. B. 2000. Theapplication of hierarchical linear modeling to organizational research. In K.& K. 467-511.
31-03.  **Hofmann, D. A., & Gavin, M. B. 1998. Centeringdecisions in hierarchical linear models: Implications for research inorganizations. Journal of Management, 24: 623-641.
31-04.  Klein, K. J., Conn, A. B., Smith, D. B., & Sorra, J. S. (2001). Is everyonein agreement? An exploration of within-group agreement in employee perceptionsof the work environment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86: 3-16.

Issue 32: Empirical Examples of HLM
32-01.  Bloom, M., & Milkovich, G. 1998. Relationships among risk,incentive pay, and organizational performance. Academy of ManagementJournal, 41: 283-297.
6 M, j6 e3 H/ \0 b32-02.  **Cole, M. S. & Bedeian, A. G. 2007. Leadership consensus as a cross-levelcontextual moderator of the emotion exhaustion-work commitment relationship. LeadershipQuarterly, 18: 447-462.
32-03.  Eyring, J. D., Johnson, D. S., & Francis, D. J. 1993. Across-level units-of-analysis approach to individual differences in skillacquisition. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78: 805-815.
32-04.  Gavin, M. B., & Hofmann, D. A. 2002. Using hierarchical linear modeling toinvestigate the moderating influence of leadership climate. LeadershipQuarterly, 13: 15-33.
32-05.  **Erhart, M. G. 2004. Leadership and procedural justice climateas antecedents of unit-level organizational citizenship behavior. PersonnelPsychology, 57: 61-94.
32-06.  Glission, C., & James, L. R. 2002. The cross-level effects of culture andclimate in human service teams. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23:767-794.
( C5 C# I9 L8 i. S32-07.  Hofmann, D. A., & Jones, L. M. 2005. Leadership,collective personality, and performance. Journal of Applied Psychology,90: 509-522.
7 L5 O. H$ Q+ n8 m32-08.  Kark, R., Shamir, B., Chen, G. 2003. The two faces oftransformational leadership: Empowerment and dependency.Journal ofApplied Psychology, 88(2): 246-255.
32-09.  Kidwell, R. E., Mossholder, K.W., & Bennett, N. 1997.Cohesiveness and organizational citizenship behavior: A multilevel analysisusing work groups and individuals. Journal of Management, 23: 775-793.
$ X$ \  r, Z) D* e6 P. y* J0 H; v  x; R32-10.  Paris, L. 2004. The effects of gender and culture on implicitleadership theories: A cross-cultural study. William H. Newman Award, Academyof Management meeting. (Award given to a single-authored paper based ondissertation)
. p/ r/ ~& s- A' V32-11.  Sacco, J. M., & Schmitt, N. 2005. A dynamic multilevel model of demographicdiversity and misfit effects. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(2):203-231.
! H( k, `; D, Q. k32-12.  Steensma, H. K., Marino, L., & Dickson, P. H. 2000. Theinfluence of national cultural on the formation of technology alliances byentrepreneurial firms. Academy of Management Journal, 43: 951-973.
3 a# ^. W) `/ m3 W32-13.  Steward, G. L., Fulmer, I. S., & Barrick, M. R. 2005. Anexploration of member roles as a multilevel linking mechanism for individualtraits and team outcomes. Personnel Psychology, 58: 343-365.
7 t3 k3 R2 c; Z32-14.  Vancouver, J. B. 1997. The application of HLM to the analysisof the dynamic interaction of environment, person and behavior. Journal ofManagement, 23: 795-818.
32-15.  Whitener, E. M. 2001. Do “high commitment” human resource practicesaffect employee commitment? A cross-level analysis using hierarchical linearmodeling. Journal of Management, 27: 515-535.
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Issue 33: Extended Issues in Multilevel Research
% g: Y4 ~( A& k, s+ U5 |3 M; L, e33-01.  Brass, D. J. 2000. Networks and Frog Ponds: Trends inmultilevel research. In K.& K. 557-571.
33-02. Rousseau, D. M. 2000. Multilevel competencies and missinglinkages. In K. & K. 572-582.
33-03.  Dansereau, F., Yammarino, F. J., & Kohles, J. C. 1999. Multiple levelsof analysis from a longitudinal perspective: Some implications for theorybuilding. Academy of Management Journal, 24: 346-357.
33-04.  Chen, G., Mathieu, J. E., & Bliese, P. D. 2004. Aframework for conducting multilevel construct validation. In F. J. Yammarino& F. Dansereau (Eds.), Research inmultilevel issues: Multilevel issues in organizational behavior and processes (Vol.3): 273-303. Elsevier: Oxford, U.K.
33-05.  Mathieu, J. E., & Taylor, S. E. 2007. A framework fortesting meso-mediational relationships in Organizational Behavior. Journalof Organizational Behavior, 28: 141-172.
, h8 |5 i5 t2 U! I+ ?& F33-06.  Krull, J. L. & Mackinnon, D. P. 2001. Multilevel modelingof individual and group level mediated effects. Multivariate BehavioralResearch, 36(2): 249-277.

Issue 34: Report Writing and Paper Review
# D) f, a- t4 b& Y! N/ E$ f# USchwab: Chapters 15 and 21
34-01.  應用心理學刊給審稿者的一封信
34-02.  Judge, T. A., Cable, D. M., Colbert, A.E., & Rynes, S.L. 2007. What cause a management article to becited—Article, author, or journal? Academy of Management Journal, 50(3):491-506.
34-03.  Bartunek, J. M., Rynes, S. L., & Ireland, R. D. 2006. What makes a management researchinteresting and why does it matter? Academy of Management Journal,49(1): 9-15.
& Y& |) N$ I$ L# {9 D# W34-04.  **Tsui, A. 2005. Guidelines on writing a research manuscript.(one page handout).
5 B/ [3 g" q$ ~  X4 z34-05.  Bacharach, S. B. 1989. Organizational theories: Somecriteria for evaluation. Academy of Management Review, 14(4): 496-515.
34-06.  **Daft, R. L. 1995. Why I recommended that your manuscript berejected and what you can do about it. In L.L. Cummings & P.J. Frost(eds.), Publishing in the Organizational Science, 2nd ed.,164-182. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
34-07.  **Feldman, D. C. 2004a. The devil in the details: Convertinggood research into publishable articles. Journal of Management, 30(1):1-6.
34-08.  Feldman, D. C. 2004b. Being a developmental reviewer:Easier said than done. Journal of Management, 30(2): 161-164.
34-09.  Feldman, D. C. 2004c. Negotiating the revision process. Journalof Management, 30(3): 305-307.
34-10.  Lee, A.S. 1995. Reviewing a manuscript for publication. Journalof Operations Management, 13(1): 87-92.
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; L  v0 `/ j1 ?% u8 \  {Issue 35: Wrap-up: Alternatives to Positivism
35-01.  **童元方2003. 追蹤天才之源。
水流花靜---科學與詩的對話。
P.121~139.台北:天下文化。
, u/ E, n# W% Q% m5 H9 Q/ N35-02.  Smith, K. G., & Hitt, M. A. 2005. Learning how to developtheories from the masters. In K.G. Smith & M.A. Hitt (Eds.) Great mindsin management: The process of theory development, pp. 573-588. New York:Oxford University Press.
35-03.  Bartunek, J. M., & Seo, M. G. 2002. Qualitativeresearch can add new meanings to quantitative research. Journal ofOrganizational Behavior, 23: 237-242.
35-04.  Burrell, G. & Morgan, G. 1979. Assumptions about the nature of Science. SociologicalParadigms and Organizational Analysis. 1-9. Portsmouth, NH: HeinemannEducational Books.
35-05.  Canella, A. A. Jr., & Paetzold, R. L. 1994. Pfeffer’sbarriers to the advance of organizational science: A rejoinder. Academy ofManagement Review. 19(2): 331-341.
) K& `  W) H  \35-06.  Cohen, J. 1990. Things I have learned (so far). AmericanPsychologist, 45(12): 1304-1312.
- y- o' w; a3 T7 k' h35-07.  Journal of Management. 1985. Special issue onorganizational symbolism. 11(2).
6 W; Z0 O1 U3 a4 U! }  u35-08.  Pfeffer, J. 1993. Barriers to the advance of organizationalscience: Paradigm development as a dependent variable. Academy of ManagementReview. 18: 599-620.
, ?+ J% |3 f7 R7 x: A5 d2 N35-09.  **Prasad, A. & Prasad, P. 2002. The coming of age ofinterpretive organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 5(1):4-11. (A special issue on interpretive genres of organizational researchmethods)
35-10.  Vandenberg, R. J. & Lance, C. E. 2000. A Review andSynthesis of the Measurement Invariance Literature: Suggestions, Practices, andRecommendations for Organizational Research. Organizational ResearchMethods, 3: 4-70.
35-11.  Vandenberg, R. J. 2002. Toward a Further Understanding ofand Improvement in Measurement Invariance Methods and Procedures. OrganizationalResearch Methods, 5: 139-158.
. q7 F( t4 J" k2 v' _  N! J35-12.  Hitt, M. A., Gimono, J., & Hoskinsson, R. E. 1998. Currentand Future Research in Strategic Management. Organizational ResearchMethods, 1: 6-44.
35-13.  Chan, D. 1998. The conceptualization and analysis of changeover time. Organizational Research Methods, 1(4): 418-489.
35-14.  **Lance, C. E., Butts, M. M., & Michels, L. C. 2006. Thesources of four commonly reported cutoff criteria: What did they really say? OrganizationalResearch Methods, 9: 202-220.
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kangfei1060

哇，这个太好啦，非常感谢

spring607

回复 1楼 Kenneth 的帖子

你真是太伟大了，拥抱你！！！
, `- r: W* s4 S7 K  W   

reddyrunny

非常感谢Kenneth老师，您真的太伟大了。向您致敬！

kisyorange

谢谢kenneth老师：）

motech

非常好的研究方法学习资料，thank you Kenny!!

rockymu

好的信息来源，谢谢kenny！！

houhuiqing

向Kenny致敬！

jkliang

是彭台光老師的課，內容看起來相當充實。