关于工时制度 About Working Time System （中英文对照，可以学习下英文哈）

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1About Working Time System

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关于工时制度

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Working time system is based on our country’s laws. In general, it refers to the staff  engaged in working time. According to labor laws and related regulations, working time system of our country mainly has several kinds of patterns as follow:

工时制度是指由国家法律规定,在正常情况下,一般职工从事工作或者劳动的时间.根据劳动法律法规

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的相关规定,归纳起来,我国的工作时间制度主要有以下几种:

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1、Standard working time system

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According to , term 36, our country execute the working time system that laborers do not work over 8 hours everyday and do not exceeding 44 hours a week on average. < Regulations of State Council about the staff’s Working Time>in 1995’s, revising the standard working time to “8 hours of everyday, 40 hours of every week”. Majority of the enterprises use this system in our country. Other various working time systems can also take this as standard for calculating.

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1,标准工作时间制度.

<劳动法>36条规定,国家实行劳动者每日工作时间不超过8小时,平均每周工作时间不超过44小时的工时制度.1995年出台的<国务院关于职工工作时间的规定>,将劳动者工作时间修正为“每日工作8小时,每周工作40小时”的工时制度即为标准工作时间制度.在我国,多数用人单位都实行这种工时制度.其他各种工时制度计算日工作时间,也是以此为标准的.

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2、Piecework time system

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Many enterprises are based on the characters of their own producing, arranging laborers do piecework. According to term 37, the employers should assure the labors’ work and the piecework reward standard according to the standard working time system.

2、,计件工作时间制度.

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不少行业根据生产工作的特点,安排劳动者实行计件工作.<劳动法>37条规定,用人单位应根据标准工作时间制度合理确定劳动者的劳动定额和计件报酬标准.

 

3、Shorten time system

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Shorten time system means that laborers work less than 8 hours everyday, averagely less than 40 hours a week. If working in the special cases and peculiar conditions, the enterprises can take their factual situations to decide shorten weekly working time that require the staff accomplish the mission working.

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3、,缩短工作时间制度.

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即劳动者每日工作时间少于8小时,平均每周工作时间少于40小时的工时制度.在特殊条件下从事劳动和有特殊情况,需要在每周工作40小时的基础上再适当缩短工作时间的,应在保证完成生产和工作任务的前提下,由企业根据实际情况自行决定.

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4、Peculiar working time system

The peculiar working time system is the general called of other working time systems, fitting for those enterprises that producing and missions at random. They do not use standard working time system or piecework time system; they also do not ensure their laborers to have one-day rest weekly. There are two peculiar working time systems, namely, uncertain working time system and calculating working time synthetically system. But not only these two kinds exist.

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4,特殊工作时间制度.

特殊工时制是对一些生产工作有淡旺季之分,任务轻重随机性很大的用人单位,无法实行标准工时制和计件工时制,也无法保证劳动者每周至少休息一天,而实行的其他工时制度的统称.特殊工时制主要有两种,即不定时工作制和综合计算工时制,但不仅限于这两种.

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There are many law problems of uncertain working time system that can be supported when handled properly. According to our country laws, it must be through several procedures to examine if enterprises want to use peculiar working time system:

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不定时工作制的法律问题有很多,只有合法操作才能得到法律支持.按照我国法律规定,实行特殊工时制必须经过以下几道审批手续:

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1、 Applied by enterprises

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Enterprises apply in written form, receiving peculiar examining tables. After finish filling in the tables according to demands then declaring to the labor administration department.

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(1),企业申请.由企业提出书面申请,向劳动行政部门领取特殊工时制度审批表,按照要求填写后报劳动行政部门.

 

2、 Enterprises examine

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The labor administration department will ask the enterprises to introduce fundamental conditions of their own when carrying out examining circumstances on the spot, including management and other relevance information. The enterprises also need to introduce the quantity of staff who are engaged in particular working time system and concrete their work and rest time and so on.

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(2),企业审查.劳动行政部门在进行实地审查时会要求企业介绍基本情况,生产经营特点和其他相关情况,企业要介绍申请特殊工时制涉及的人员数量,具体作息时间等情况.

 

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3、 Inspect on the spot.

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The Labor administration department will inspect on the spot to those enterprises that use peculiar working time system as well as inspect different positions, asking staff for some suggestions on the basis of introducing related policies again.

(3),现场勘察.劳动行政部门会到企业对实行特殊工时制的车间和岗位进行现场勘察,并随访不同的岗位,再介绍有关政策的基础上,征求职工代表对实行特殊工时制的意见.

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4、Arrange and pass.

Once passed by the authorities of working department, enterprises may arrange peculiar working time with laborers in the labor contracts. Meanwhile, they should write down the work and rest system that will be carried out in contracts.

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(4),约定与通过.经过劳动主管部门批准后,企业可与劳动者在劳动合同中对特殊工时进行约定,企业应将其实行的工作和休息制度写入合同.

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Except showing solicitude for the legal procedures that the uncertain time working system and synthetically calculate working time system, enterprises should pay attention to other entity conditions of this system:

除了关注不定时工作制和综合计算工时制的法定程序外,企业应注意实行这种制度的其他实体条件:

 

1、The carrier restrict of using uncertain time working system. According to the regulation , enterprises can use the uncertain time working system to staff who according to one of the following conditions: A, higher management runners in enterprises, promoters, people who are on duties and other who can not judged by standard working time; B, Line-haul personnel in enterprises, the cabbies and the personnel of railways, harbor and storehouse who need work in peculiar time because of the character of jobs; C, others who need to according to the character of the jobs or the scope of official duties.

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(1) 实行不定时工作制的职业限制.根据<关于企业实行不定时工作制和综合计算工作制的审批办法>规定,企业对符合下列条件之一的职工,可以实行不定时工作制:A,企业中的高级管理人员外勤人员推销人员部门值班人员和其他因工作无法按标准工作时间衡量的;B,企业中的长途运输人员,出租汽车司机和铁路港口仓库的部门人员以及因工作性质特殊,需要机动作业的职工;C,其他因生产特点工作特殊或者职责范围关系,适合实行不定时工作制的职工.

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2、The carrier restricts of calculating working time synthetically.

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Enterprises can use calculating working hour synthetically to the staff who according to one of following conditions: A, The staff engaged in traffic, railways, post and telecommunications, watering carriage, shipping and fishery that need continuous work because of the characters of jobs; B, The staff who engaged in geology and resource prospect, mine building and exploiting, building, touring and breeding that are restricted by the season and natural conditions; C, The laborers who engaged in producing tobacco, food and drinking and farm products that are restricted by the season and technologies; D, To other staff who fit for calculating working time synthetically.

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(2) 实行综合计算工时工作制的行业限制.企业对符合下列条件之一的职工,可以实行综合计算工时工作制:A,交通铁路邮电水运航运渔业等受到行业中因工作性质特殊,需连续作业的职工;B,地质以及资源勘探,矿山建设以及开采建筑旅游养殖等受季节和自然条件限制的行业的部分劳动者;C,烟草食品饮料生产,农副产品收购加工等受季节和技术条件限制的部分劳动者;D,其他适合实行综合计算工时工作制的职工.

 

How to calculation peculiar working hour is also a very important law problem that will be detailed in the next chapter.

关于实行特殊工时制加班工资的计算也是一个很重要的法律问题,下章将做详细说明

 

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